(Even
though digitisation of various services has helped a lot yet it has adversely
affected personal privacy)
The Facebook/Analytical scam has
shaken the digital world. There are allegations about the use of personal data
during last US elections. According to the expose the information about people
is being collected, stored and processed to produce psychographic profiles that
can judge peoples’ thoughts and personalities almost accurately and these are
offered to clients for business or electoral purposes. There were also reports
about the Facebook selling personal data of the users to various commercial
organizations though advertisements. In fact, Google too has been accused of using
personal data of its users for commercial purposes. It is a fact that with the
progress of digitization and especially the information highway of internet,
the individual privacy has taken a direct hit. Fred Cate in his book “Privacy
in the Information Age” says, “Electronic information
networks offer extraordinary advantages to business, government, and
individuals in terms of power, capacity, speed, accessibility, and cost. But
these same capabilities present substantial privacy issues. With an
unprecedented amount of data available in digital format–which is easier and
less expensive to access, manipulate, and store–others know more about you than
ever before. Consider this: data routinely collected about you includes your
health, credit, marital, educational, and employment histories; the times and
telephone numbers of every call you make and receive; the magazines you
subscribe to and the books your borrow from the library; your cash withdrawals;
your purchases by credit card or check; your electronic mail and telephone
messages; where you go on the World Wide Web. The ramifications of such a
readily accessible storehouse of information are astonishing.”
Parminder Jeet Singh in an article in Hindu says. “The current focus
on the right
to privacy is based on some new realities of
the digital age. Personal spaces and safeties that were previously granted
simply by physical separation are no longer protected. The digital network
enters the most proximate spaces and challenges the normally accepted notions
of the private. It brings into focus new means of exercising social, economic,
and political power, and reducing of autonomies”.
Thus the digital
revolution has adversely affected the personal privacy all over the world. It
is said that Google and Facebook do not sell the personal data but they use the
same to advance their commercial interests through advertisements. It has been
established now that companies are making money from the personal data of
people. They share the data among themselves. Harvesting of data and its
sharing for commercial purposes has been admitted by the companies themselves.
Recently, there was a humorous clip on WhatsApp in which a man orders a Pizza
to a well-known Pizza joint of which the man had the phone number. However, a
man responds saying it is Google Pizza and what he would like. The guy says
that he did not call Google Pizza. The man answers that the Google has bought
the Pizza joint. Then he asks suggestions for various ingredients. When the man
asks for meat and other things, the Pizza man says he cannot take meat as his
cholesterol was high in the last tests. On being asked how he knows that, the
Pizza guy says we have all your tests for the whole year!
Apart from
demolition of individual privacy, the digitization has given rise to accurate
and incredible electronic surveillance. Sometime back there was a Hollywood
movie, “The Enemy of the State”. It related to a video tape of a crime
committed on the instance of a senator. The electronic surveillance shown in
the movie was incredible. A person supposed to be holding the tape is followed
through satellites. His every movement is monitored. Recently, there was a
scare in Kashmir that the LED Bulbs being given free have camera chips inside!
The quick location of militants is also attributed to electronic surveillance
through drones and chips in mobile phone sim cards. Some people allege that the
SIM cards of a particular company distributed freely did also have chip for
easy location! Nothing seems to be hidden now!
Now, coming back
home, the greatest privacy demolisher is the Aadhaar Card. It carries
information which can be shared. There have been allegations about the leakage
of data against consideration.
UIDAI is a central body and it had outsourced the responsibility of
collecting the data to 556 private agencies. There have been 1,390 complaints
against them. In addition, the entire data is reported to be stored on servers
in the Silicon Valley of USA!
However,
in comparison to personal data available in various social sites and search
engines like google, the Aadhaar Card carries the entire biometric information
of a person. Finger prints, pupil scans, and may be even genetic information
and so on. There are umpteen chances of misuse of this data for banking frauds,
impersonation and so on. Such instances have already taken place. In Mumbai
some people have been using finger prints taken on nylon strips to mark
attendance etc. Some people say that this digitization has helped more than 80%
of the population which is poor especially in regard to subsidies etc.
According to them only 1 or 2% people who are net savvy get adversely affected
sometimes. In any case, the digitization has ended the privacy in all
societies. In fact one is reminded of George Orwell’s famous book, 1984. “The
Big Brother Is Watching You”, all the time!
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